The Customs and Immigration Union (CIU) is the renamed Customs Excise Union Douanes Accise (CEUDA) which has a long history of border and point-of-entry (POE) related public policy analysis and advocacy. The CIU has presented a series of reports, surveys and public policy recommendations to the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) and its predecessors as [...]

The Northgate Group was retained in July 2005 by the Customs and Excise Union Douanes Accise (CEUDA) to conduct a study of whether the risks inherent in the duties of Border Services Officers, Regional Intelligence Officers and Customs Investigators would justify the issuance of sidearms. The Northgate Study was centered on extensive interviews of front-line [...]